Design Guidelines, Fees and Checklists

The guidelines and specifications listed below must be incorporated into all landscape plans, tree replacement plans and open space plans submitted to the City for approval along with or in addition to those outlined in the City of Farmington Hills Zoning Ordinance Chapter 34-5.14. View the Ordinances.

* Starred specifications are to be noted on the plans as they apply to the project.

1. Landscape plans are to be prepared and sealed by a registered Landscape Architect for all projects.
2. Submit eight (8) copies of landscape plans to the Planning Office for review and approval by the Planning Commission.
3. Existing trees to be relocated must be planted outside of parking lot areas and cannot be proposed as required parking lot trees.
4. Deciduous trees to be relocated must be limited to no more than ten (10”) inch caliper or DBH (diameter breast height). If larger trees are proposed for relocation, a statement must appear on drawings describing the method of relocation to be used.
5. Continuous curbing must be provided around all landscaped areas where damage from vehicles is possible. Alternate protection such as fences and retaining walls may be acceptable in lieu of curbing or may be required in addition to curbing to protect the area from vehicular and pedestrian traffic.
6. * All landscaped areas shall be excavated of all building material and debris to a minimum depth of eighteen (18”) inches and back filled with a medium texture planting soil. All landscaped areas are to have minimum six (6”) inches of topsoil and are to be crowned a minimum six (6”) inches higher than adjacent curbs or walks.
7. Plant Material Sizes (minimum)

   Shade/Canopy trees	3” caliper
   Ornamental/Understory trees	2” caliper
   Evergreen trees for replacement trees	8’ height, 10’ height
   Shrubs (large)	30” height
   Shrubs (small)	24” height or 24” spr

8. Required landscape material shall satisfy American Association of Nurseryman standards and be:
   1. Nursery Grown
   2. State Department of Agriculture inspected
   3. No. 1 grade with straight, unscarred trunk and well-developed uniform crown (park grade trees will not be accepted)
   4. Staked, wrapped, watered and mulched per City of Farmington Hills details and specifications and in accordance with City of Farmington Hills Zoning Chapter 34-5.14
   5. Guaranteed for one year
   6. Replacement trees shall be of the same species as the removed trees where available from Michigan nurseries. Where trees of the same species are not available, replacement trees shall be pursuant to the list of acceptable trees on file in the Planning Office.
9. When determining tree replacement, existing trees within ten (10’) feet of the building envelope will require replacement.
10. Four (4’) foot high wooden snow fencing or other rigid material is to be erected around the drip line of all trees to be saved in accordance with the City of Farmington Hills Zoning Ordinance Chapter 34-5.18.
11. Location of protective snow fencing must be shown on all plans indicating tree protection.
12. * A Tree Removal Permit must be obtained from the Planning Office prior to all tree removal activity involving trees six (6”) inches or more DBH in accordance with the City of Farmington Hills Zoning Chapter 34-5.18.
13. Refer to Article XXII, Section 34-5.14 and 34-5.15 and 34-5.18 of the Farmington Hills Zoning Ordinance for further guidelines concerning plant spacing, suggested plant material, bufferyard requirements, parking lot trees and walls, berms and tree protection.
14. All required landscape material indicated on approved plans, will be required through the life of the project and must be replaced if removed or die.

Stopping crime before it happens is an important goal for the City of Farmington Hills because the City believes that a safe community is a desirable community.  The Farmington Hills Police Department has established a Crime Prevention program, designed to help members of the community identify practical and meaningful methods to address safety concerns in their environments.  Often, the methods involve simply re-thinking the way we place things in the environment.

The City of Farmington Hills has encouraged, and in some cases required, the extensive use of plant material and screen walls in the built environment.  The City’s crime prevention effort has directed attention to the placement and maintenance of these elements so that they continue to enhance the environment but won’t compromise the safety of the people who live, work and play in and around them.

Below are some guidelines and suggestions to consider when designing new landscapes or preparing maintenance plans:

1. Avoid planting evergreen shrubs beneath windows and around entranceways.  If evergreen shrubs are present already, prune then at the bottom to form ‘horseshoes’ so that objects or people can be seen beneath and behind them.
2. Keep shrubs pruned to a height of not more than 4½ feet in height around entranceways and windows, where possible.
3. If shrubs are planted beneath windows, consider planting shrubs that are ‘prickly’ or have thorns to discourage people from hiding behind them.
4. Police officers in vehicles can patrol the City more efficiently and completely if they can see into developments from the street.  When designing landscapes, consider the following:

• Solid walls are impenetrable.  Although they create privacy, they also create a security risk.  Use walls cautiously.  A see-through fence (i.e. wrought iron with decorative brick pillars) can provide the separation desired without blocking important views.
• Trim the bottom branches of evergreen trees around doorways, carports and between public thoroughfares and parking lots.
• Carports provide good protection for cars.  They also provide a great place for people to hide.  If carports are part of a development, make sure the inside of the carport can be seen from the street.

Should you have any questions regarding crime prevention, contact the Crime Prevention Division at the Farmington Hills Police Department (248) 871-2750.

Adopted June 4, 1998

A. The items listed below are to be included on Landscape Plans and Open Space Plans submitted for approval to the City of Farmington Hills Planning Office.

• Minimum scale 1" = 40'.
• Show north arrow.
• Location map.
• Include a table that indicates:
  • Total number of regulated trees on site.
  • Total number of regulated trees to be removed.
  • Total number of replacement trees to be planted on site.
• Show trees that are to remain with their corresponding tree inventory number making sure they match the approved Tree Survey and Site Plan.
• Include a list of all trees on site with their corresponding tree inventory number and a disposition (saves or remove). If this list is too extensive to fit on the plan and is in a separate book, a note indicating so must be included on the plan.
• Show proposed plant locations. (Refer to Zoning Ordinance for spacing and size requirements)
• Include a plant list that indicates plant quantity, spacing, size, and root type.
• Show existing and proposed contours at minimum two foot (2') intervals.
• Show berm cross-sections where applicable indicating slope, height, width and type of ground cover.
• Show proposed and existing utilities.
• Indicate type of ground cover for all landscaped areas.
• Show location of all required wood snow fencing around trees to remain.
• The following notes must be included on the plan:
  • A Tree Permit must be obtained from the Planning Office prior to all tree removal activity involving trees six inches (6") or more DBH in accordance with the City of Farmington Hills Zoning Chapter 34-5.18.
  • Trees must be planted no closer than six feet (6') to public utilities.
  • All required landscape material indicated on approved plans will be required through the life of the project and must be replaced if removed or dead.
  • 4 foot (4’) high wood snow fencing or other rigid material is to be erected around the drip line of all trees to be saved in accordance with the City of Farmington Hill Zoning Ordinance Chapter 34-5.18.
  • Required landscape material shall satisfy American Association of Nurseryman
  • Standards and be:
    1. Nursery grown.
    2. State Department of Agriculture inspected.
    3. No. 1 grade with straight unscarred trunk and well developed uniform crown (park grade trees will not be accepted).
    4. Planted per City of Farmington Hills details and specifications and in accordance with City of Farmington Hills Chapter 34-5.14.
    5. Guaranteed for one year.
    6. Replacement trees shall have shade potential and other characteristics comparable to the trees proposed for removal.
• Include planting details for all plant material in accordance with City of Farmington Hills details and specifications and in accordance with City of Farmington Hills Zoning Chapter 34-5.14.
• The Landscape Plan is to be sealed by a registered Landscape Architect.

B. The following items are to be considered when preparing Landscape Plans:

• The Landscape Plan must conform to the Site Plan, Tree Survey, tree replacement requirements and the placement of parking lot trees.
• The placement of plant material at driveways and at intersections must comply with the 25' corner clearance provisions as refereed to in Chapter 34-5.10 and 31-11. Maximum height within corner clearance area 30".
• Keep plant material at least four feet (4') feet away from property lines.
• Plant material is to be outside of the high water (freeboard) elevation of retention ponds.
• Make sure all required walls are indicated on Landscape Plans.
• Address Design Principles where they apply (available upon request from the Planning Office).
  • Parking Lot Landscape Guidelines
  • RC District Berm Alternative Design Principles
  • Berm Planting and Design Plan
  • OS-3 District, Landscape Design Principles
  • Bufferyard Design Principles
  • Landscape Design Principles for Densely Wooded Areas
  • Water Retention Area Designed for Yards Adjacent to Street
  • Guidelines for Designation and Maintenance of Natural Beauty Roads
• Address Natural Beauty Road right-of-way treatment where applicable.
• Existing trees to be relocated must be planted outside of parking lot areas and cannot be proposed as required parking lot trees.
• Continuous curbing or other suitable device shall be required around all landscaped areas where damage from vehicles is possible. Each tree planted in a parking lot island must be provided with an open area not less than 180 square feet.
• Required landscape material shall satisfy American Association of Nurseryman standards and be:
  1. Nursery grown.
  2. State Department of Agriculture inspected.
  3. No. 1 grade with straight unscarred trunk and well developed uniform crown (park grade trees will not be accepted).
  4. Planted per City of Farmington Hills details and specifications and in accordance with City of Farmington Hills Chapter 34-5.14.
  5. Guaranteed for one year.
  6. Replacement trees shall have shade potential and other characteristics comparable to the trees proposed for removal.
• When determining tree replacement, existing trees within ten (10') feet of the building envelope will require replacement.
• Refer to Article XXII, Section 34-5.14 and 34-5.15 and 34-5.18 of the Farmington Hills Zoning Ordinance for further guidelines concerning plant spacing, suggested plant material, bufferyard requirements, parking lot trees and walls, berms and tree protection.

C. 6 (six) sealed Landscape Plans are required to submitted to the Planning Office as part of a complete application for Site Plan Review by the Planning Commission.

D. Fees:
See fee schedule (available upon request from the Planning Office).

Deciduous Tree Planting Detail
Evergreen Tree Planting Detail

 

Earth Berm

1. The top of the berm should be held level along its entire length except at the entrance drives. An undulating ridgeline on the berm within the restricted height of 3’10” would tend to destroy the visual unity and would create a “forced” appearance to the berm.
2. The sides of the berm must not exceed a 3:1 slope ratio.
3. The ridge of the berm must have an approximate two (2) foot wide area at the top that is rounded (i.e., neither flat nor meeting at the peak).
4. Maximum height of the berm is 3'-10".

Planting

1. The ground surface on the berm should be covered primarily with lawn. If other types of ground covers are used, they should be planted in areas large enough to be in scale with the overall length of the berm, thus avoiding a "spotty" effect.
2. The entrance drive should be given visual emphasis with plantings. One means of achieving this is through the use of low growing evergreens in conjunction with groupings of small ornamental trees.
3. If evergreens are used, they should generally be planted in groups of six or more of the same species. Widely spaced evergreens create a “spotty” effect on the landscape. This is especially true in the winter.
4. Continuous planting along the ridgeline of the berm and an even spacing of trees along the strip should be avoided. Random spacing of trees and shrubs creates a less formal and more naturalistic effect.
5. The purpose of the planting strip is not to totally obscure the building and parking behind but to reduce their visual impact. The planting design may be such that the motorist is allowed fleeting glimpses through to the other side of the strip.
6. Planting on berms should consist of species that naturally grow in high, well drained situations. Plants such as arborvitae, birch, cedar, hemlock and cypress, which are indigenous to low, moist situations, should not be used. In addition, plants such as dogwood and redbud should not be used in a berm area where there is much exposure to the elements.

Corner Clearance

Within the corner clearance area, no planting, berm or structure should exceed thirty (30) inches in height.

Earth Berm

1. The top of the berm should be minimum six (6) feet in height and held level along its entire length except at the entrance drives. An undulating ridgeline on the berm within the restricted height of six feet would tend to destroy the visual unity and would create a “forced” appearance to the berm.
2. The sides of the berm must not exceed a 3:1 slope ratio.
3. The ridge of the berm must have an approximate two (2) foot wide area at the top that is rounded (i.e., neither flat nor meeting at the peak).
4. The ridge of the berm must have an approximate two (2) feet wide area at the top, which is, rounded (i.e., neither flat nor meeting at a peak).

Planting

1. The ground surface on the berm should be covered primarily with lawn. If other types of ground covers are used, they should be planted in areas large enough to be in scale with the overall length of the berm, thus avoiding a "spotty" effect.
2. If evergreens are used, they should generally be planted in groups of six or more of the same species. Widely spaced evergreens create a “spotty” effect on the landscape. This is especially true during the winter.
3. Continuous planting along the ridgeline of the berm and an even spacing of trees along the strip should be avoided except where deciduous trees are required. Random spacing of trees and shrubs creates a less formal and more naturalistic effect.
4. Planting on berms should consist of species, which naturally grow in high, well drained situations. Plants such as aborvitae, birch, cedar, hemlock and cypress, which are indigenous to low, moist situations, should not be used. In addition, plants such as dogwood and redbud should not be used in a berm area where there is much exposure to the elements.

These General Design Principles for Berm Planting and Design Plan were adopted as guidelines by the City of Farmington Hills Planning Commission August 22, 1974.

Bufferyard Guidelines

1. See Section 34-5.14 of the Zoning Ordinance for details. ALWAYS CHECK FOR AMENDMENTS.
2. Bufferyards may not be required where the abutting RA District has a nonresidential use.
3. Where existing plantings are to be utilized, temporary snow fencing should be installed and no grading or disturbance should be allowed within this zone. Existing vegetation should be noted as to its variety, size and location.
4. The intent of the buffering is a softening effect and is not intended to totally obscure the multiple-family buildings. Unless fewer are required, the small deciduous trees and evergreens should be in minimum groups of three (3), the shrubs in minimum groups of five (5), and the deciduous trees should be evenly distributed throughout the bufferyard.
5. The bufferyard plantings should be indicated on the same plans as the front yard landscape plan.
6. Bufferyard plantings will be required in yards occupied by water retention areas.

Bufferyard Table

The following table can be used as a guide to the “plant unit multipliers” as outlined in the Zoning Ordinance. The depth is defined as the number of feet between the building and the RA District (the closest point applies for buildings that are irregularly shaped and/or that are not parallel to the RA District). The width is defined as the width of the building as measured parallel to the property line plus the number of feet to an off-street parking area or to the midpoint between buildings, where applicable (see diagram).

To use the table, determine the depth and width of the required bufferyard and follow the table down and across. The box where they meet indicates the required number of: a) large deciduous trees, b) small deciduous trees, c) large shrubs, and d) evergreen trees.

If the bufferyard depth exceeds 125 feet, the column for 125 feet is utilized. If the bufferyard width exceeds 100 feet (the maximum indicated in the table), the number of plantings required for the width in excess of 100 feet can be added to the required number of plantings for 100 feet in determining how many plantings are needed for said yard.

Example

Bufferyard depth – 70 feet
Bufferyard width – 170 feet
 

Step No. 1	D = 70' W = 100'	a = 1 b = 2	c = 5 d = 1
Step No. 2	D = 70' W = 70'	a = 1 B = 2	c = 5 d = 1
Step No. 3	Add total of a, b, c and d	a = 2 B = 4	c = 10 d = 2

Number of Plant Materials Required



Bufferyard Requirements
 

Statement of Purpose

To enhance and screen cellular towers, accessory buildings and equipment associated with cellular towers with landscape material or other suitable screening device, as determined by the Department of Planning and Community Development.
 

Minimum Planting Standards

1. Evergreen trees - The height of evergreen trees shall be a minimum 8' height and should comprise a minimum 40% of the proposed plant material.  Evergreen trees are to be located so as to screen the building from a road or any residential district, where applicable.
2. Canopy shade trees - The caliper of deciduous trees shall be a minimum 3" and should comprise a minimum 20% of the proposed plant material.
3. Understory trees - The caliper of understory trees are to be a minimum 2" caliper and should comprise a minimum of 40% of the proposed plant material. 
4. Ground Cover - Ground cover must be sod, seed or other acceptable plant material typically specified and established as ground cover.
5. All landscape material shall meet minimum industry standards and ordinance requirements.

When the planting of landscaping material is not possible or practical as determined by the Department, a solid wall or fence a minimum 6’ height, should be installed to screen the base of the tower from view from surrounding property and/or public thoroughfare.
 

Suggested Planting Concept

 Celluar Tower Planting Diagram

Statement of Purpose

To screen the satellite reception antenna to the greatest extent possible, as determined by the Department of Planning and Community Development, without impeding the reception of the satellite-delivered signals
 

Minimum Screening Standards

1. Vertical Screening - the height of the installed screening shall be a minimum 70 percent (70%) of the height of the antenna at the time of installation.
2. Horizontal Screening - installed screening must provide a minimum 50 percent (50%) coverage of the antenna at the time of installation.
3. Year-round screening shall be provided.
4. Where the antenna look angle is facing adjoining residential, it shall be located to the interior of the site if the antenna is functional in this location. 5. Where screening is not reasonably possible, other forms of obscuring devices, such as umbrella structures may be required.

Suggested Screening Concepts

1. Plant material shall be evergreen or densely branched deciduous.
2. Slopes of berms shall meet minimum standards of 3-to-1.
3. Fences shall be a minimum 6 foot high as measured from the existing grade per Ordinance 34-5.12.
4. Screening devices, such as walls and fences, and plant material shall meet minimum industry standards and ordinance requirements.

Satellite Landscaping Diagram
 

Large Evergreen Trees	Narrow Evergreen Trees	Large Shrubs
Pine varieties Spruce varieties Hemlock varieties Fir varieties	Cedar Arborvitae varieties Kefteeri Juniper	Hicks Yew Amur Maple Washington Hawthorne Privet varieties Sumac varieties Viburnum varieties

Adopted by Planning Commission: 5/26/94

The City of Farmington Hills Zoning Chapter 34-5.14 requires that deciduous canopy trees be planted in and around paved areas serving motor vehicles. This requirement primarily, though not exclusively, applies to parking lot areas. Parking lot trees are not required within parking lots in the rear or interior side yards of Light Industrial (LI-1) districts.

Below are some of the requirements for parking lot design with regards to parking lot trees. Refer to Zoning Chapter 34-5.14 for complete requirements.

1. Parking lot trees shall be indicated on both the Site Plan and on the Landscape Plan and shown in the same location on each. The distribution shall be approved by the Planning Commission.
2. One (1) tree shall be planted for every twenty eight hundred (2,800) square feet of paved surfaces provided that no fewer than two (2) trees are provided regardless of surface area.
3. Deciduous canopy trees shall be a minimum three (3) inch caliper. Transplanted trees will not be accepted. Planning Commission may permit eight (8) foot high evergreen trees in instances where it would be in the best interest of the City and where clear vision in maintained.
4. Trees shall be distributed evenly throughout the paved area and shall be provided with an open land area of not less than one hundred eighty (180) square feet and with a minimum radius of three (3) feet at the trunk of the tree for protection. Trees shall be protected from vehicles with curbing or other suitable device.
5. Parking lot islands and all planting areas shall be excavated of all building material to a minimum depth of eighteen (18) inches and backfilled with a medium textured planting mix prior to tree planting.
6. In order to be included as parking lot trees, trees shall be planted within twenty (20) feet of the paved surface.
7. Trees shall be required throughout the life of the development. If any trees die, become diseased or are removed, they shall be replaced.
8. Trees shall be planted in accordance with Chapter 34-5.14.

The items below must be shown in / or addressed on Tree Surveys that are submitted to the City of Farmington Hills for review.

• Minimum scale 1" = 50'. The scale must be the same as the site plan.
• Show dimensions of parcel.
• Show only existing structures on the plan.
• Trees 6" DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) or larger are to be tagged in the field with metal tree tags and shown on the plan with the corresponding number including trees within 25' of property lines and trees affected by road improvements and/or off-site utilities.
• Include a list of all trees on site with their corresponding tree inventory number and a disposition (save or remove). Indicate common name, botanical name, size and condition. If this list is too extensive to fit on the plan and is in a separate book, a note indicating so must be included on the plan.
• Show existing grades either with contour lines at two (2) foot intervals or spot grade at the base of each tree.
• The Tree Survey is to be signed or sealed by a land surveyor and a registered Landscape Architect, Arborist or Forester.
• For tracts of land 10 acres or above submit an aerial photo, minimum 1" = 100'.

Superimposed Tree Survey

Please submit two copies of a Superimposed Tree Survey that includes all of the above information in addition to the following:

• Indicate with a note that trees to be removed must be marked in the field with red paint or flags and inspected by the Planning Office prior to any trees being removed.

Tree Protection Ordinance Checklist

• Indicate with a note that a Tree Permit must be obtained from the Planning Office prior to any trees being removed.
• Indicate proposed structures and improvements.
• Show graphically the trees to be removed, to remain or to be relocated. Suggested symbols:

• Include a table indicating:
  total number of trees on site
  total number of trees to be removed
  total number of replacement trees required to be planted on site
• If existing trees are to be relocated, show the proposed location for such trees, together with a statement as to how such trees are to be protected and/or stored during land clearance and construction and how they are to be maintained after construction.
• Show proposed grades either with contour lines at two (2') foot intervals or spot grades to show how proposed grading will affect trees.
• Include a statement showing how trees to remain are to be protected on a permanent basis including the proposed use of tree wells, protective barriers, tunneling or retaining walls.
• Show location of protective wood snow fence around the drip-line of relocated trees and trees to remain.
• The Superimposed Tree Survey is to be signed or sealed by a land surveyor and a registered Landscape Architect, Arborist or Forester.

The Woodlot Design Principle is intended as a planting option to reinforce the scenic amenity represented by existing natural landforms and vegetation with the introduction of a mixture of plant materials designed to harmonize with the natural character of the site. This option can be utilized in required open space, greenbelts, front and side yard landscapes and any required landscaped areas other than parking lots. The plots shall be located away from vehicular and pedestrian traffic. The plan should be shown at minimum scale of 1”=20’-0” and shall be submitted with landscape plans.

The intent of the option is to protect, create and/or enhance the natural woodland landscape found in lower Michigan and particularly in Farmington Hills. The woodlands are described primarily as Oak-Hickory and Maple-Beech forests. Other tree species that are associated with these forests are Ash, Elm, Sweetgum, Poplar, Walnut, Wild Cherry, Sycamore and Dogwood (refer to the Plant Materials list below for the suggested plant material).

1. Plant Material Size, Spacing and Condition
    
   1. Woodlot plot size shall be minimum 500 square feet. Width shall be minimum eight (8’) feet.
       
   2. Deciduous trees shall be minimum one (1”) inch caliper and shall contain a mixture of sizes based on the following percentage chart:
       

      Size Group	% of DBH To Be Replaced	Condition	Maximum Spacing
      1" – 1 1/2" cal.	55%	Bare Root*	Max. 5' O.C.
      1½” – 2½” cal.	30%	Bare Root* or Ball and Burlap	Max. 10’ O.C.
      2½” – 3” cal.	15%	Ball and Burlap	Max. 20’ O.C.

      
      Evergreen trees can be incorporated into the woodlot where appropriate to the site and shall be a minimum four (4’) foot height spaced a minimum ten (10’) O.C. but shall not be more than 10 percent of the plot.

      Alternate spacing options can be utilized with the approval of the Planning Commission.

      NOTE: Bare root trees shall be planted only in the early spring, no later than June 1.

   3. Shrub planting is to follow the minimum guidelines as established in Zoning Chapter 34-5.14.1.3AB.
       
   4. Ground cover shall be established per American Society of Nurseryman Standards and be hardy in shade conditions. Turf and lawns will not be accepted as ground cover.

    

2. Protection and Maintenance
    
   1. Staking and wrapping of trees shall be provided for all trees two (2”) inches caliper or greater. Smaller caliper trees shall be staked and wrapped as necessary and as approved by the Planning Office.
       
   2. The woodlot plot shall be distinguished and protected from the surrounding area and activity by the use of snow fencing or ribbon, as approved by the Planning Office, until the woodlot is established.
       
   3. The woodlot plantings shall be maintained in a healthy growing condition. All plant material that dies or is not healthy, shall be replaced by the beginning of the next growing season as directed by the Planning Office.

Recommended Plant Materials List for Woodlot Creation/Rehabilitation

Trees:

Populus deltoides	Eastern Cottonwood
Juglans cenera	Butternut
Juglands nigra	Black Walnut
Carya coridformis	Bitternut Hickory
Carya ovata	Shagbark Hickory
Fagus grandifolia	American Beech
Quercus rubra	Northern Red Oak
Q. palustris	Pin Oak
Q. alba	White Oak
Q. macrocarpa	Bur Oak
Q. velutina	Black Oak
Q. bicolor	Swamp White Oak
Ulmus americana	American Elm
U. thormasii	Rock Elm
U. rubra	Slippery Elm
Plantanus occidentalis	Sycamore
Acer pensylvanicum	Striped Maple
A saccharum	Sugar Maple
A. nigrum	Black Maple
A. negundo	Box Elder
A. saccharinum	Silver Maple
A rubum	Red Maple
A. platanoides	Norway Maple
Nyssa Sylvatica	Black Gum
Cornus florida	Flowering Dogwood
Tilia americana	American Basswood
Fraxinus americana	White Ash
F. nigra	Black Ash
Populus alba	White Poplar
Liriodendron tulipifera	Tulip Tree
Pinus strobus	White Pine

Shrubs:

Lindera benzoin	Spice Bush
Hamamelis spp.	Witch Hazel
Lonicera spp.	Honeysuckle
Viburnum spp Cornus spp.	Dogwood (red osier, yellow twig and grey)
Celastrus scandens	American Bittersweet
Rhus spp.	Sumac
Celtis occidentalis	hackberry
Ilex glabra	Inkberry
Ilex verticillata	Winterberry, Wild Raspberry

Vine, Groundcovers and Herbaceous Perennials:

Parthenocissus quinquefolia	Virginia Creeper
Arisaema triphyllum	Jack-in-the-Pulpit
Solidago houghtonii	Trillium
Cypripedium spp.	Goldenrod
Lilium michiganense	Lady Slipper
Sarguinaria canadensis	Michigan Lily
Aster	Bloodroot
Violets
Mitrewort
Pachysandra Trillium grandiflorum

 

Example for Figuring Number of Trees

Proponent has 250 inches of trees that must be replaced per Zoning Ordinance 34-5.10., Tree Protection, Removal and Replacement. The proponent wants to replace 40” using the Landscape Design Principles for Densely Wooded Areas. The number of trees needed to fulfill the intent of this design principle is calculated as follows:

Size	% of DBH	*Total DBH to be Replaced	Replacement Inches	Total # of Trees
1” – 1½” caliper	55%	40”	22”	22
1½” – 2” caliper	30%	40”	12”	6
2½” – 3” caliper	15%	40”	6”	2
Total				30

 

 

The following Landscape Design Principles are to be used as a guide in the preparation of plans for transitional areas consisting of berms, greenbelts, natural vegetation, walls, etc., on parcels of land located within the OS-3 District (Special Office District) as provided for in the City of Farmington Hills Zoning Ordinance.
 

Earth Berms

1. Berms between residential and office sites should have gently rolling ridgelines. This ridgeline should not be flat nor should it be undulating to the point that is choppy, however, the lowest point shall be five (5’) feet in height.
   • 
2. Berms in front yards of offices may be as described above or the ridgelines
3. Side slope on all berms should not exceed 3:1.
4. The ridge of all berms should have a minimum two (2’) foot wide rounded top (i.e., neither flat nor meeting at a peak).

Plantings

1. The ground surface should be covered primarily with lawn. If other types of ground covers are used, they should be planted in large masses so as not to create a spotted effect.
2. Plant material used on berms should be indigenous to high, well-drained areas. e choice of species should be based on what is naturally growing on the site or the surrounding area. The moving of trees from other portions of the site are acceptable only if trees are healthy and if approved by the Planning Commission.
3. Plant material should be planted in groups of six or more in naturalistic patterns. Planting in rows or along the ridge is undesirable.
4. The purpose of the berm or greenbelt between residential and office uses is to provide a natural appearing buffer which will obscure activity on the office parcel from the residential property.
5. The purpose of the berm between the major thoroughfare and parking in front yards is not to totally obscure but soften the overall appearance. Views through the plantings will not be discouraged.
6. The purpose of the greenbelt between minor roads and the office parcels is to be totally obscuring. The bulk of the plant material should be evergreen trees to provide year-round screening.
7. Minimum starting size for plant material will be as follows:
   • Evergreen tree 3’-10’ high
   • Deciduous tree 3” caliper measured 1’ above grade
   • Low spreading shrub 18”-24” spread
   • Upright shrub 24”-30” high
8. All plant material shall meet current standards of the American Association of Nurserymen, for nursery stock.

Planting on berms should consist of species, which naturally grow in high, well drained situations. Plants such as arborvitae, birch, cedar, hemlock, and cypress, which are indigenous to low, moist situations, should not be used. In addition, plants such as dogwood and redbud should not be used in a berm area where there is much exposure to the elements.
 

Supplemental Plantings

Such plantings are to provide additional screening where the natural vegetation does not obscure adequately.

A. Earth Sculpting

1. The City’s subdivision of Land Ordinance requires a landscape area around the top of detention basins. The minimum distance between the freeboard line of the water retention basin and any existing or proposed property line of a one- family residential use shall be fifteen (15) feet. This distance may be reduced by the Planning Commission provided that, the area set aside is equal in square feet to the area that would have been required by the fifteen (15) feet. Linear planting screens will not be acceptable. These landscaped areas must be primarily located at any perimeter property line or internal lot line of a one- family residential use. (See section 83 of Chapter 27 of the City Code for requirements.)
2. Water retention basins should be "free form," following the natural landforms to the greatest extent possible. If such forms do not exist, the basin should be shaped to emulate a naturally formed depression.
3. Redistributing soils from basin construction to create natural landforms around the perimeter of the basin is encouraged. The side slopes shall be no greater than 1:3. These forms should be located strategically to filter views or redirect and soften the views from residential areas. Access for maintenance vehicles must be considered in the development and location of these landforms. Total screening of the basins, however, is not intended.
4. Side slopes must be varied to imitate natural condition.
5. Forebays shall be constructed to emulate shallow naturalized emergent wetland basins. The basins shall not exceed two foot (2’) of water depth at full capacity and shall be of a natural shape (not square, rectangular or other geometric shape). Slopes of forebays shall conform to side slope requirements as required for detention basins and as specified in the City of Farmington Hills Department of Public Services, Engineering Division, Engineering Design Standards for Site Development and Redevelopment.

B. Planting

1. The City encourages naturalized planting themes for these retention basins. The applicant should consider the use of plant materials that naturally grow in the area. Trees and shrubs should be grouped in informal patterns to emulate the natural environment. The intent is to soften the views of these basins and not to totally screen them from view.
2. Plant materials used within the limits of the basin must meet the requirements as indicated in Appendix A. All other plantings must meet the requirements outlined in the landscape section 34-5.14 of the City’s Zoning Chapter.
3. The ground surface of the basin and surrounding disturbed areas shall be covered with native grass mixture or other approved ground cover. It is the intent of these standards to provide for a sustainable natural planting throughout the basin that will not require regular mowing or fertilization.
4. Plant material shall be composed of a variety of types.
5. Plantings above the freeboard line must be mulched and the applicant must specify an appropriate material.
6. Planting of trees or shrubs must be in groups to avoid a spotty effect.
7. All Trees planted below the freeboard line of the basin must be bare-root. The planting design must also permit access of maintenance vehicles.
8. A minimum of two inches (2") of topsoil must be specified for all planting ground cover beds.
9. Approved erosion control measures will be required on all slopes.
10. Planting within Forebays shall be composed of herbaceous plant material indicated in Zone 2 of Appendix A; woody plant material will not be permitted. Planting of a minimum of three (3) species shall be required.

Appendix "A"
Plant List for Stormwater Retention/Detention Facilities

Planting Zone	Zone Description	Plant Name
Zone 1 Deep Water Pool**	1 to 6 ‘ deep permanent pool of water Submergent plants (if any at all)	Herbaceous Plants Duckweed (Lemenia sp.) Wofeia sp. Sweet-scented Water Lily (Nymphaea odorata) White Water Lily (Nymphaea tuberose)
Zone 2 Shallow Water Bench**	1 foot below the normal pool (aquatic bench in stormwater ponds) Plants partially submerged Emergent wetland plants	Shrubs Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) Swamp Rose (Rosa palustris) Herbaceous Plants Arrow arum (Peltandra virginica) Arrowhead, Duck Potato (Saggitaria latifolia) Blue Flag Iris (Iris versicolor) Broomsedge (Andropogon virginicus) Cattail (Typha sp.) Common Water Plantain (Alisma subcordatum) Rice Cutgrass (Leersia oryzoides) Sedges (Carex sp.) Soft-stem Bulrush (Scirpus validus) Soft Rush (Juncus effuses) Prairie Cordgrass (Spatina pectinata) Sweet Flag (Acorus calamus) Wool Grass (Scirpus cyperinus)
Zone 3 Lowest Zone	1 foot above the normal pool or lowest zone in a "dry" detention area Frequently inundated Plants must be able to withstand inundation during storms and occasional drought	Shrubs American Bladdernut (Staphylea trifolia) Arrow wood Viburnum (Viburnum dentatum) Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) Common Spice Bush (Lindera bezoin) Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) Highbush Cranberry (Viburnum trilobum) Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba) Michigan Holly (Ilex verticillata) Nannyberry (Viburnum lentago) Ninebark (Physocarpus opulifolius) Pussy Willow (Salix discolor) Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus stolonifera) Silky Dogwood (Cornus amomum) Shrubby Cinquefoil (Potentilla fruticosa) Speckled Alder (Alnus rugosa) Steeple Bush (Spiraea tomentosa) Swamp Rose (Rosa palustrus) Herbaceous Plants Arrow arum (Peltandra virginica) Arrowhead, Duck Potato (Saggitaria latifolia) Blue Flag Iris (Iris versicolor) Blue Vervain (Verbena hastata) Boneset (Eupatorium perfoliatum) Broomsedge (Andropogon virginicus) Cattail (Typha sp.) Cinnamon Fern (Osmunda cinnamomea) Clinton’s Woodfern (Dryopteris clintoniana) Flat-top Aster (Aster umbellatus) Green Bulrush (Scirpus atrovirens) Hardstem Bulrush (Scirpus acutus) Horsetail (Equisetum fluviatile) Joe-Pye Weed (Eupatorium maculatum) Northern Lady Fern (Athyrium filix-femina) Prairie Cordgrass (Spartina pectinata) Rice Cutgrass (Leersia oryzoides) Sedges (Carex sp.) Sensitive Fern (Onoclea sensibilis) Soft-stem Bulrush (Scirpus validus) Smartweed (Polygonum sp.) Soft Rush (Juncus effuses) Swamp Aster (Aster puniceus) Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) Sweet Flag (Acorus calamus) Water Plantain (Alisma plantago-aquatica) Virginia Wild-rye (Elymus virginicus) Wool Grass (Scirpus cyperinus)
Zone 4 Middle Zone	1 to 4 feet above the normal pool Includes nearly all the temporary extended detention volume Periodically inundated after storms Plants must be able to withstand inundation during storms and occasional drought	Trees Bare-root only Native species in accordance with the Zoning Ord. Shrubs Allegheny Serviceberry (Amelanchier laevis) American Bladdernut (Staphylea trifolia) Arrow wood Viburnum (Viburnum dentatum) Button Bush (Cephanlanthus occidentalis) Common Spice Bush (Lindera benzoin) Creeping Strawberry Bush (Euonymus obovata) Elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) Gray Dogwood (Cornus foemina, racemosa) Highbush Cranberry (Viburnum trilobum) Meadowsweet (Spiraea alba) Michigan Holly (Ilex verticillata) Nannyberry (Viburnum lentago) Ninebark (Physocarpus opulifolius) Northern Dewberry (Rubus flagellaris) Pussy Willow (Salix discolor) Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus stolonifera) Silky Dogwood (Cornus amomum) Steeple Bush (Spiraea tomentosa) Swamp Rose (Rosa palustris) Witch Hazel (Hamamelis virginiana) Herbaceous Plants Big Bluestem (Andropogon gerardi) Blue Vervain (Verbena hastata) Boneset (Eupatorium perfoliatum) Cardinal Flower (Lobelia cardinalis) Fowl Mannagrass (Glyceria striata) Green Bulrush (Scirpus atrovirens) Joe-Pye Weed (Eupatorium maculatum) Sedges (Carex sp.) Smartweed (Polygonum sp.) Soft Rush (Juncus effusus) Swamp Aster (Aster puniceus) Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) Water Plantain (Alisma plantago-aquatica) Wild-rye (Elymus sp.)
Zone 5 Upland Slopes/ Buffer Strip	4 feet and above the normal pool Includes buffer strips that extend beyond the middle zone Plants should be selected based on soil type, light, and function (not inundation, since almost never inundated)	Trees, Shrubs, and Plants Standard native plant material in accordance with Zoning Ordinance

* These zones apply to basins that are designed to retain a permanent water level.



Stormwater Zone Diagram

Project Development Site Plan Guide

Department of Planning & Community Development Fee Schedule